08.17.07
The Real Lincoln: “Let Us Die to Make Men” … Pay Taxes?
I’ve had some discussion of late about the War for Southern Independence, AKA the War of Northern Aggression, and its true causes. As i have said, i completely sympathize with those who wished to abolish slavery in the United States for moral reasons. However, as i have also repeatedly stated, that’s not the issue that was of primary importance in the so-called “Civil War.” Of course, the issues were always political, not moral; they were economic, with the economics of taxes and labor in general (and with slavery as only one small aspect of those) being the main driving force.
In Thomas DiLorenzo’s book, Lincoln Unmasked, the veil is pulled back on Lincoln as the driving force behind the push for war back in the 1860s. The book shows that his push for war could never have been a principled opposition to the Southern people who just wouldn’t give up their slaves, but rather his threat to invade and attack states in the Union (and their citizens) was in order to retain control over revenues from Southern states who protested exorbitant import and export duties that Washington was trying to foist upon them. Here’s a review and summary of the book that gives some tid-bits.
Truth is, when you lay it all out, from the suspension of habeas corpus to the warmongering for deceitful motives, George Bush is, as many Neo-Cons have claimed, indeed following in Lincoln’s footsteps.
08.16.07
Ron Paul, Iowa Straw Poll, and Electronic Voting
I’m not one for conspiracy theories, but it certainly makes you think.
As one who worked the polls last fall with the election that saw a great many Democrat candidates win office, i saw firsthand how troublesome the electronic voting machines are. I also saw how easily it would be if someone had it in their minds to alter the voting record if one was of a mind to do it. It certainly isn’t beyond the realm of possibility. And given the contempt that Republicans in general have for the candidate who wants to take away all their perks and kickbacks, i can see why they’d take two hours and fifteen minutes to make it look like he lost, and to make it look like the candidate of the guy supervising the vote certification won.
Just what happened to those 12,000 votes?
God’s Promises Are Good, Even If Ineffectual
“This must be carefully observed, that we may not suppose the favors of God to cease to be what they are, though the good effect of them does not reach us. With respect to God, the word is sown in the hearts, but it is far from being true, that the hearts of all receive with meekness what is planted in them, as James (1:21) exhorts us to receive the word. So then the Gospel is always a fruitful seed as to its power, but not as to its produce.”
John Calvin, on The Parable of the Sower, from Harmony of the Gospels
A Concrete Example of Faith and Works
In Numbers 13, we read that Moses sent twelve men into the land of Canaan to search out the land that God had promised to give their forefathers. They were to bring back a report of the land, the people in it, what condition it was in, and what kind of fortifications that the people in their cities had.
Of course, we know that when those spies came back, ten of them did everything that they possibly could to dissuade the people from going in to the land to take it, and only two of the men (Caleb and Hoshea, called Joshua) counseled the people to go into the land to fight and conquer it. Of course, those ten spread such an ill word among the whole camp that it turned all of public opinion against going into the land, and they would spend the next forty years (one year for every day that the spies were in the land) wandering in the desert because of their sin.
But here’s the question: God had promised Israel that land; what did the people have to do in order to receive what God had promised? Well, the answer, of course, is to trust God’s promise. But is it possible that it could have been an uninvolved, arms-folded, camped-outside-the-land, lives-not-at-risk kind of trust? In other words, was it possible for Israel to receive by faith what God had promised wholly apart from any kind of works or effort on their part? Obviously not.
However, even if they had gone into the land and conquered all of its inhabitants right then—even if they had all the best and grandest works that they could have had—would Israel have earned the land that the Lord had promised them? Would they have merited it by their works? I think the answer to that is obviously no. Even when we must work and obey God to receive what he has promised, we are still receiving his promises by faith.
I say all this because it seems to me that the ten spies had some kind of false notions about God promising to give them the land. What did they really think would happen if they simply didn’t go in and try to fight all of these people? Did they think they’d just go back to Egypt? Did they think they’d just go somewhere else? Or did they, as i suspect, think that God would give it to them in spite of the fact that they didn’t actually go in, risk their lives, fight, and possess it for God’s glory? Was their attitude one that we see very often today, that no matter what i do, God will still give me everything he has promised, just as long as i still believe in him? That’s what i suspect.
So which of these two groups more exemplifies the faith that Scripture commends us to have: Joshua and Caleb, the two men who wanted to put their works together with their faith; or the ten spies (and ultimately the whole nation of people) who wanted simply to believe, no works going along with their “faith” at all? Any thoughts?
08.15.07
One Happy Exception to a Sad State of Affairs
Garrett Craw from The Craw offered some friendly criticism about what he called “the Southern thang” and how it was “just way too emotional.” I understand completely how this looks to people outside of the South, and i fully bow to God’s sovereign will in keeping the United States an intact nation—so far. :-/ I’m sure, though, that as an Asian American, Garrett can understand what it is like to be pigeonholed about one’s culture and also what it is like to identify with it and be zealous to keep its rich heritage and traditions (the good ones!) alive. That’s certainly what i seek to do as a Southron, but please do understand that, other than the fact that i currently serve in the PCA, i have no allegiance to the Southern Presbyterian Church in any wise.
I must say, though, that i agree with Garrett totally about the inconsistency of the Southern Presbyterianism. It is a sad fact that they did not live up to the Covenantal principles of Presbyterianism by baptizing and teaching all of those who were either born or purchased into their household, as God’s command was to Abraham. This was, no doubt, due to a terrible inconsistency in Southern Presbyterians about even how to treat their own children (Thornwell was, himself, a perpetrator of what we commonly call today “vipers in Covenant diapers” view).
Beyond even Southern Presbyterianism, i can say without qualification that there was very much lacking in Southern treatment of slaves in general (even if there were many Christians who sought to treat their slaves well and disciple them, which there were). There was much abuse, degradation, and inherent subjugation. Indeed, blacks weren’t viewed even as a subjugated social class within the society at large; they were, by and large, viewed as beasts and property with as many rights. As i said, i believe this had much more to do with a woeful and horrendous view of blacks as a race (i.e., whites viewed them as inherently inferior and inhuman), and not with anything to do with the inherent evil of slavery (i’m not a strict Theonomist, but i agree with R.J. Rushdoony on the issue of slavery, though not necessarily his view of Negro slavery).
But even in spite of all the bad we could dredge up about American slavery (we need to remind ourselves that not only Southrons owned slaves), we can find a few bright spots. I always think of the happy exception that produced the first black elders of the Southern Presbyterian Church (seven of them) in 1869; he was, i believe, the bright spots of the Old School Southern Church: John Girardeau. He pastored a mixed (predominantly black, but with white members) congregation in Charleston (incidentally, in Zion Presbyterian Church, the whites were the ones typically who sat in the balcony, though, it was very common to have whites and blacks integrated in the church).
I love the passion of such a man to make blacks and whites equal in the Kingdom of God–and he was a student of Thornwell! It is said that he had a certain preaching style: extemporaneous; preaching directly from the Greek/Hebrew text; and with his own emotional style, mimicking the Gullah style of story-telling and speech he had grown up around, (he believed it helped the slaves and freed blacks to understand his messages when he gave not only a verbal but also an emotive message in his sermons). Here’s what the PCA historical summary of him (linked above) says about his ministry in Charleston:
In 1858/59 the Anson Street Mission experienced a marvelous revival and in April 1859 they moved into a new building at the prestigious and prime intersection of Meeting and Calhoun Streets. The black membership was given the privilege of naming their church (which was particularized in 1858) and they chose “Zion.” Zion Presbyterian Church became famous for Girardeau’s preaching—he was called “the Spurgeon of America”—, but it was also noteworthy for its diaconal ministry in the community, catechetical training of hundreds in the city, sewing clubs for the women, and missionary activity. The outreach and influence of Zion was of such public notoriety that Girardeau and the session were often criticized and sometimes physically threatened. For example, the catechetical training and teaching of hymns and psalms was so effective that some Charlestonians believed Girardeau was teaching the slaves to read for themselves (which was contrary to state law).
Girardeau was a strong advocate for Puritan-style worship (i.e., stark liturgy, no accompaniment, psalms only), so i can’t say that i agree with him on everything. I’m sure he wasn’t far away from Thornwell when it came to ecclesiology either. However, he was worlds away from Thornwell and Dabney on the place of blacks in American society and especially in the Church, and he made a big deal about it all over the place. Was he opposed to slavery? Not at all, apparently—not even of race-based slavery, which i believe to be reprehensible. And yet, he was a Christian man who lived out the Gospel principles as they applied to social conventions about race in the face of many even of his own Church who had little, if any, understanding about how King Jesus has changed the world in which we live, and we need to live in light of that Kingdom, and not of the dying city of man all around us. It is that kind of Southron that i want to be.
It is not, fundamentally, a revision of history to note the oft-overlooked issues surrounding the War of Northern Aggression (in case you’re wondering, we really do call it that in normal, everyday conversation). More importantly, there shouldn’t be anything wrong with my remembering and touting my culture for what it was, warts and all. We can and must move forward into the future, but i don’t want to forget the past, and i won’t, as far as i have anything to do with it, let anyone else do their own version of revisionist history with the Southern cause. But as i move forward, i want to live out the kind of exceptional life that Girardeau did, even while remaining close friends with the likes of Dabney and Thornwell.
08.14.07
I’ve Met Pastors Like This
I have three words after seeing this clip: What A Moron. This guy can’t be younger than about 18 years old. Chances are he’s older than that—but he acts like he’s a four-year-old boy who can’t yet use words to their full potential to explain what he’s talking about.
Yes, i have met pastors and laymen in the Church who talk like this. But i’ll give them the benefit of the doubt; they weren’t so exaggerated, and maybe they acted that way to relate more with people like this.
I just can’t get over how this was the guy that they thought could best communicate the greatness of surfing to the viewing public. Maybe the real moron was the producer on the ground.
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Why We Call It “The War of Northern Aggression”
Some of you may be familiar with the term “The War of Northern Aggression” to refer to the so-called “Civil War.” Those of Southron heritage have long used that term to describe what they saw as over-extended Federalist power to strong-arm the sovereign states into bowing before the assumed authority of the Federal Government. (This eerily shadows the growth and ascendency of the power of a centralized Western Church under the authority of a single monarch in the person of the Bishop of Rome, who claimed to be the head of the Church on earth in Christ’s place, displacing and undermining all of the rights and claims of all other regional church governments through local bishops and elders.)
Democrat Thomas Jefferson had much to say against that kind of Federalism, but even the Democrat Andrew Jackson was corrupted by its enticements to think that he could control the fortunes of all of the states in the Union by sheer force of power from the Federal government—and his great political move was to convince the great majority of the populace that he was actually protecting and standing for the people instead of stealing away their liberties, which is precisely what he did. His progeny are seen in the Democrat Party of the modern day, who claim to stand for individual liberties and freedoms for the people, but who steal away that liberty more and more every year by government control, oversight, and regulation. Of course, the freedoms that Jefferson advocated, which he referred to as “republican” virtues, aren’t well protected by the vast majority of modern day Republicans either; they don’t seem to have any kind of warriness toward governmnetal power, but are happy, like Jackson, to advocate just as much that kind of centralized power, just for a different political purpose (it was not without cause that the Republican Party became associated in the popular psyche with rich and powerful business interests).
Gene Healy wrote an article a while back that i had never read until i saw it linked on the Borg Blog. It was a great piece showing how the traditional “republican” (with a small “R”) or classical liberal view of states’ rights was, at one time, a check on Federalist aggrandizement of power. He reminds us of what traditional Southron folks have long sought to emphasize: that the War of Northern Aggression was called that, not because the North wanted to “force” the South to free all its slaves (a relatively minor, but still important, cause of the War for Southern Independence—but only one that came into the fore of the national mind when Lincoln, capitalizing on the abolitionist tendencies of New England, made it a political hot-button), but because the North had its mind to force the South, with its “nullification” mindset, to bow to the Federal will and be the cash-cow for Yankee industrialists bent on using the Federal power to grow the industry of the North and Mid-Atlantic by breaking the backs of the Southern citizenry with immensely burdensome and inequitable taxation.
In our day, we have no less that kind of Federalist grab for power. (Maybe “grab” is a bad word, since it implies that they don’t have it and are trying to get it; “lust” may be a better word, because, acknowledging our Federal Government today does indeed have that power to wield as it wills, they still seek to place more of the rights of the several states and of the people under the ginormous thumb of the hand of an Old-Glory-clad Uncle Sam pointing to us and telling us that he wants us.) However, in our day there is no check against that Federalist hunger for greater power. Since the stamping out of independence-seeking Southerners, Federal power has grown almost unchecked over the last 150 years. No longer does that monster of political power need explicit Constitutional authority to act (cf., the Ninth and Tenth Amendments of the US Constitution), it can act with full authority to do anything, by any means, to ensure what it alone sees as a benefit of the people, even over against the protestations of the states that make up our Union (cf., the Fourteenth Amendment of the US Constitution). A couple of symptoms of this kind of Federalism are also seen in Amendments to the US Constitution: the Sixteenth Amendment, giving the Federal Government ownership over all income of its citizens (because if the government can tell you how much of your income you can keep, that means that they own it all); and the Seventeenth Amendment, which circumvents a check on Federal authority that the framers saw fit to include in the original Constitution, namely the appointment by the State or Commonwealth Legislatures of the Senators in the upper house of the Federal Legislature, replacing it with direct election of Senators by the people, completely cutting states out of any check on Federalist assumption of power. Now that the “Civil War” has shown that the states actually have no right to question Federal claims, what can we do but submit to the continued interposition of government regulation and intervention into our everyday lives? What option do we have? The War of Northern Aggression succeeded; the greatest fears of all our ancestors that fought and died to secure liberty against centralized governmental power that thought that it could impose its will upon all people, regardless of what say they had in the matter (i.e., King George III, against whom we fought for our original independence), has now come true.
Most of you know that, theologically, Thornwell and i aren’t exactly on the same page. However, in this case, i couldn’t agree with him more. He preached in a sermon entited “Our Danger and Our Duty“:
We are fully persuaded that the triumph of the North in the present conflict will be as disastrous to the hopes of mankind as to our own fortunes. They are now fighting the battle of despotism. They have put their Constitution under their feet; they have annulled its most sacred provisions; and in defiance of its solemn guaranties they are now engaged, in the halls of Congress, in discussing and maturing bills which make Northern notions of necessity the paramount laws of the land. The avowed end of the present war is, to make the Government a government of force. It is to settle the principle, that whatever may be its corruptions and abuses, however unjust and tyrannical its legislation, there is no redress, except in vain petition or empty remonstrance. It was as a protest against this principle, which sweeps away the last security for liberty, that Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Missouri seceded, and if the Government should be reëstablished, it must be reëstablished with this feature of remorseless despotism firmly and indelibly fixed. The future fortunes of our children, and of this continent, would then be determined by a tyranny which has no parallel in history.
We have that kind of despotism and tyranny today in the United States Government. It is a government that will do anything, attack anyone, demand any money, punish any citizen, and invade any nation to establish its own notion of well-being—and not even the well-being of its citizens as a whole, but the well-being of a certain sub-set of the population that the Federal Governmend deems favored for whatever reason. The only answer to this kind of absolute abuse of power is for the people to rise up and stand against it. We must not allow ourselves to be allured by the promise of some small benefit over some small hardship—a hardship which, most likely, the government herself caused by her own abuses—, but we should be willing to stand together, and to stand against government abuse. The whole point of having a written document that charters our government is to have set limits and protections against the power granted to it. Why ignore it? Why not demand that our government conform to the supreme law of the land? Why not elect a president, senators, and representatives who will return to us the freedom and liberty that the Constitution itself guarantees to us? Until we do that, we will continue to have a monster at the helm of our national ship. We will go where that monster drives us and we will have no say in it one way or the other, except to bow to that monstrous King, who has, like Napoleon and like all of the Bishops of Rome, crowned himself with usurped power that belongs to someone else.
My prayer is that my children and grandchildren will be freer than i am today because i and all of my fellow Americans throughout the several states will stand up against the tyranny of the warmongering taxmasters on the dole of all the special interests so that our government will, once again, be a government for the people and by the people.
Good NPP Article
In Christianity Today this past week, there was a great article on the New Perspective on Paul. It gave a very balanced and helpful summary of what NPP actually is, and it also gave some very helpful critiques of the NPP.
As i have indicated in various contexts (not least of which was to my presbytery before being admitted), i believe the NPP isn’t all bad and that it has a lot to offer NT studies. However, i don’t follow it wholesale, and i fully and completely embrace the “Old Perspective.” This article is great because it shows that the two aren’t necessarily mutually exclusive without overlooking some of the more glaring problems in the NPP.
The author, Simon Gathercole, was a professor at Aberdeen University and recently took up lecturing at Cambridge.
Update:
(HT: Mark Horne)
Andrew Sandlin critiques Gathercole’s weakest point in the article. Gathercole was otherwise keen to point out that decrying “works of the law” is not the same thing as decrying the Law of God itself, which is good and righteous and holy. However, he commits a very Dispensationalistic mistake by pitting Deuteronomy 6:25 against Gospel justification. Even in my original reading of Gathercole’s article, this was the weakest point he made and the point to which i took most exception—though, otherwise, it was a very balanced and insightful argument. Sandlin, though, takes Gathercole to task on his, shall we say, crypto-Lutheranism (perhaps not in the most charitable way, but still, it is a deserved critique of the original critique).
08.11.07
Calvin’s Commentary on John 20:22
“Christ breathes on the Apostles: they receive not only the breathing, but also the Spirit. And why, but because Christ promises to them?
“In like manner, in baptism we put on Christ, (Galatians 3:27,) we are washed by his blood, (Revelation 1:5,) our old man is crucified, (Romans 6:6,) in order that the righteousness of God may reign in us. In the Holy Supper we are spiritually fed with the flesh and blood of Christ. Whence do they derive so great efficacy but from the promise of Christ, who does and accomplishes by his Holy Spirit what he declares by his word?”